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All 93 questions with answers

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  1. 1.
    Let AA, BB and XX be three matrices such that A=BXA = BX. If A=(24−13)A = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 4 \\ -1 & 3 \end{pmatrix} and B=(1201)B = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}, then XX equals
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 0 \\ -1 & 3 \end{pmatrix}
    Solving matrix equation A=BXA = BX gives X=B−1AX = B^{-1}A.
  2. 2.
    If a+b+c=0a + b + c = 0, one root of ∣a−xcbcb−xaba−xc∣=0\begin{vmatrix} a-x & c & b \\ c & b-x & a \\ b & a-x & c \end{vmatrix} = 0 is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    00
    Substituting x=0x = 0 and using a+b+c=0a+b+c=0 satisfies the determinant equation.
  3. 3.
    The term independent of xx in the expansion of (x−1x)10\left(x - \frac{1}{x}\right)^{10} is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    6th
    The general term Tr+1T_{r+1} in (x−1x)n\left(x - \frac{1}{x}\right)^{n} is used to find where the power of xx is zero.
  4. 4.
    The equation of the line that had yy intercept 44 and is perpendicular to 3x+2y=73x + 2y = 7 is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    2x−3y+12=02x - 3y + 12 = 0
    Perpendicular line to 3x+2y=73x+2y=7 has the form 2x−3y+k=02x-3y+k=0. Using yy-intercept 4, we find k=12k=12.
  5. 5.
    If y=tan⁡−1(acos⁡x−bsin⁡xbcos⁡x+asin⁡x)y = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{a\cos x - b\sin x}{b\cos x + a\sin x}\right), then the value of acos⁡2x+2sin⁡2xa\cos 2x + 2\sin 2x is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    aa
    Simplifying the trigonometric expression gives the required derivative/value.
  6. 6.
    ∫dxx(xn+1)\int \frac{dx}{x(x^n + 1)} is equal to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    1nln⁡∣xn+1xn∣+C\frac{1}{n} \ln \left| \frac{x^n + 1}{x^n} \right| + C
    Using substitution u=xnu = x^n or partial fractions.
  7. 7.
    If y=px+qy = px + q is a tangent to the curve y=x2−xy = x^2 - x at (2,3)(2, 3), then (p,q)=(p, q) = ?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    (2,−7)(2, -7)
    Slope p=dydx∣(2,3)p = \left. \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{(2,3)} and using the point (2,3)(2,3) to find qq.
  8. 8.
    For the function f(x)=x3+3xf(x) = x^3 + 3x, the point
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    x=−1x = -1 is a point of minimum
    Checking the first and second derivatives of the function.
  9. 9.
    The area of the region bounded by the curve y=sin⁡xy = \sin x and xx-axis is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    11
    Integrate sin⁡x\sin x from 00 to π\pi.
  10. 10.
    The solution of the differential equation xdydx+y=x2x \frac{dy}{dx} + y = x^2 is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    3xy=x3+C3xy = x^3 + C
    Solving as a linear differential equation using integrating factor.
  11. 11.
    Two rubbers which are prepared by coordination polymerization are
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    IR and EPDM
    Coordination catalysts (Ziegler-Natta) are used for the production of synthetic cis-polyisoprene (IR) and EPDM rubbers.
  12. 12.
    The following is not a delayed action accelerator
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    DPG
    Diphenyl guanidine (DPG) is a fast accelerator, whereas CBS, MBTS, and NOBS are delayed-action accelerators.
  13. 13.
    A very convenient cure system for poly acrylate rubber is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Sulphur+soap
    Polyacrylate rubbers (ACM) are typically cured using soap-amine or sulphur-soap cure systems.
  14. 14.
    Banbury mixing is suitable for industries doing
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Large volumes of limited number of compounds based on similar rubbers
    Banbury internal mixers are ideal for high-volume production of standardized rubber compounds.
  15. 15.
    Natural rubber is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Difficult to injection mould due to compounds with high viscosity and high scorch danger
    NR compounds typically have high green strength, high viscosity, and narrow processing windows leading to scorch risks.
  16. 16.
    Reclaimed rubber is useful because
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    It reduces cost, gives processing advantages and also improves ageing resistance for NR compounds besides solving pollution problem caused by littering of used tyres
    Reclaimed rubber provides economic and processing benefits, improves ageing, and aids in waste tyre management.
  17. 17.
    ____________ polymer is suitable for blow moulding
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    SBS
    SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene) block copolymers are often used in blow moulding applications.
  18. 18.
    The life of an oil seal depends on _______ property
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Compression set
    Compression set is a critical property for seals to maintain their sealing force over time.
  19. 19.
    For getting the faster cure rate in IIR
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    both of the above
    Increasing isoprene content or halogenating IIR (Butyl rubber) improves its reactivity and cure rate.
  20. 20.
    CR is modified during polymerization to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Reduce its crystallization
    Chloroprene rubber (CR) is often modified (e.g., with sulfur or comonomers) to reduce its tendency to crystallize.
  21. 21.
    The difficult in dispersing silica in diene rubbers is due to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    participate-particle interactions in the filler
    Silica particles have strong filler-filler interactions (hydrogen bonding) that make dispersion in non-polar rubbers difficult.
  22. 22.
    Payne effect is studied using
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Dynamic mechanical analysis
    The Payne effect, which describes the strain-dependent dynamic modulus of filled rubbers, is measured using DMA.
  23. 23.
    The first generation of solution SBR had
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Blockiness
    Early solution SBR processes often resulted in blocky styrene distribution.
  24. 24.
    A non polar rubber which can surpass NR in all aspects is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Poly alkenamer
    Polyalkenamers are known for their unique properties that can compete with or surpass natural rubber.
  25. 25.
    Upside down mixing is done for
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Rubbers which soften quickly during mixing
    Upside down mixing is a technique used for rubbers that soften rapidly to ensure efficient filler incorporation.
  26. 26.
    For easy transport and handling, carbon black is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Pelletised
    Carbon black is pelletized to reduce dust and improve flowability for handling.
  27. 27.
    ZnO+Steatic acid causes
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Increase in cross linking extent
    The combination of Zinc Oxide and Stearic acid acts as an activator to increase the extent of cross-linking.
  28. 28.
    The excellent tackiness of NR is due to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Both 1 and 2
    The tackiness of natural rubber is attributed to both its low glass transition temperature and its ability to undergo strain-induced crystallization.
  29. 29.
    The difficulty in dissolving cellulose in water, in spite of too many OH groups in it, is because of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Hydrogen bonding
    Strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between cellulose chains prevents dissolution in water.
  30. 30.
    If Tg of a polymer is close to ambient temperatures but melting point is high (i.e. more than 3/2 of its Tg), it means that the polymer is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    crystalline and fibre
    Polymers with high melting points relative to their Tg are typically semi-crystalline and used as fibres.
  31. 31.
    The difficulty in getting a fluorocarbon rubber based on homopolymers is due to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Crystallization tendency of the resulting polymer
    Fluorocarbon homopolymers often exhibit high crystallinity, which makes them too rigid to be useful as rubbers.
  32. 32.
    Which rubber is prepared from another polymer?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    CSM
    CSM (Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene) is produced by the chemical modification of polyethylene.
  33. 33.
    A polymer which cannot be cross linked is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Poly isobutylene
    Polyisobutylene lacks the unsaturation required for conventional sulfur vulcanization.
  34. 34.
    Chlorination of Natural rubber involves
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Electrophilic addition and cyclisation
    The chlorination of natural rubber is a complex process involving electrophilic addition and cyclization reactions.
  35. 35.
    When you get ethylene based rubbers, the resulting polymer gets a Tg above that of PE (assuming it to around -80C). This is because
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    rubberiness is achieved by breaking the crystallization of PE by adding bulky side chains
    Disrupting the crystallinity of polyethylene with bulky side chains increases the Tg.
  36. 36.
    Apart from ageing resistance, anti oxidants may improve
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Fatigue and abrasion resistance
    Antioxidants help maintain the integrity of the polymer network, thereby improving fatigue and abrasion resistance.
  37. 37.
    High molecular weight in polymer chains lead to higher viscosity because of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    More entanglements between chains above a critical molecular weight
    Viscosity increases significantly with molecular weight due to increased chain entanglements.
  38. 38.
    Often, high temperature polymers will also be highly rigid because
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    They often have aromatic rings in the main chain (brydson, plastics materials p 584)
    Aromatic rings in the polymer backbone restrict chain rotation, leading to high rigidity and thermal stability.
  39. 39.
    Among the following high temperature plastics _____________ has some crystallizing tendency
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    PEEK
    PEEK (Polyether ether ketone) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic known for its high-temperature performance.
  40. 40.
    Peroxide cured EPDM compounds are not suitable for microwave curing because
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    The bonds (including C-C cross links) in the rubbers do not produce dipole moments during vibration
    Microwave curing relies on the interaction of electromagnetic waves with polar molecules; non-polar EPDM lacks sufficient dipole moments.
  41. 41.
    Inorganic blowing agents release
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Carbon dioxide
    Inorganic blowing agents like sodium bicarbonate typically release carbon dioxide upon decomposition.
  42. 42.
    The rubber used in tyre innreliner
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Bromo butyl Rubber
    Bromo butyl rubber is preferred for tyre innerliners due to its excellent air impermeability.
  43. 43.
    Metal oxide crosslinking used in
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Chloroprene Rubbers
    Chloroprene rubber (CR) is typically vulcanized using metal oxides like zinc oxide and magnesium oxide.
  44. 44.
    Flat spotting of the tyre occurs in
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Nylon chords
    Nylon cords are known to exhibit flat spotting, a temporary deformation that occurs when a vehicle is parked for a long time.
  45. 45.
    Upside down mixing is associated with
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    NBR
    Upside down mixing is a technique used for rubbers that soften quickly or require specific dispersion characteristics, often applied to NBR.
  46. 46.
    Neutral angle for hose manufacturing
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    54º44'
    The neutral angle for braided hoses is 54∘44′54^{\circ}44', which ensures the hose does not change length under pressure.
  47. 47.
    Conveyor belt crosslinked by
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Both
    Conveyor belts can be vulcanized using either rotocure (continuous) or press cure (batch) methods.
  48. 48.
    Hildebrand is the unit of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Solubility parameter
    The Hildebrand solubility parameter is a measure of the cohesive energy density of a substance.
  49. 49.
    Resilience is inversely related to
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Heat build up
    High resilience indicates low energy loss, which corresponds to lower heat build-up during cyclic deformation.
  50. 50.
    The major metal present in sludge removed from latex is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Mg
    Magnesium is a significant component found in the sludge of natural rubber latex.
  51. 51.
    What is the use of Potassium oleate in natural rubber latex foam?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Foam promoter
    Potassium oleate acts as a soap or surfactant to promote foam formation in latex processing.
  52. 52.
    Which is used as an anti-coagulating agent
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    All of the above
    Ammonia, formalin, and sodium sulphite are all used as preservatives or anti-coagulants for natural rubber latex.
  53. 53.
    Which type of wheels is preferred for sports cars
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Magnesium wheel
    Magnesium wheels are preferred in sports cars for their high strength-to-weight ratio.
  54. 54.
    What do the permissible of mixing cross ply and radial ply automibile tyres allow?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Cross ply tyres on front wheels
    Safety regulations generally dictate that if mixing is necessary, cross-ply tyres should be on the front axle and radials on the rear.
  55. 55.
    What is GRS?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Styrene butadiene rubber
    GRS stands for Government Rubber Styrene, which is a type of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR).
  56. 56.
    Electrodeposition process related to which product?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Gloves
    Electrodeposition (or electro-dipping) is a common process for manufacturing rubber gloves.
  57. 57.
    Material used in tyre-cord adhesive is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Styrene-vinylpyridine-butadiene terpolymer latices
    Vinylpyridine latex is the standard adhesive used to bond rubber to tyre cords.
  58. 58.
    Which of the following are examples of natural fibers?\n(i) Nylon\n(ii) Jute\n(iii) Polyester\n(iv) Sisal
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    (ii) and (iv)
    Jute and Sisal are natural plant-based fibers, while Nylon and Polyester are synthetic.
  59. 59.
    What is the most widely used man-made fiber?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Polyester
    Polyester is the most widely produced and used synthetic fiber globally.
  60. 60.
    A common matrix material used in FRP is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Epoxy resin
    Epoxy resins are widely used as matrix materials in Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) due to their excellent mechanical properties.
  61. 61.
    The dispersed phase in common fiber reinforced plastic is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Aramid fiber
    While glass, carbon, and aramid are all used, the question context implies a choice where C is the marked answer.
  62. 62.
    Melting point is the characteristics of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Crystalline polymers
    A distinct melting point is a characteristic feature of crystalline and semi-crystalline polymers.
  63. 63.
    Dibutyl phalate, Tricresyl phosphate are all example of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Plasticizer
    Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and tricresyl phosphate (TCP) are common plasticizers.
  64. 64.
    Name a self-extinguishing thermoplastic material
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    PVC
    PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) contains chlorine, which imparts self-extinguishing properties.
  65. 65.
    Which one of the following materials is used for making CD?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    PC
    Polycarbonate (PC) is primarily used for manufacturing optical discs like compact discs (CDs).
  66. 66.
    High temperature, high performance polymeric materials are called ___________ polymers
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Specialty
    High temperature and high performance polymers are categorized as specialty polymers.
  67. 67.
    Which one of the following is a natural polymer?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Shellac
    Shellac is a natural resin secreted by the female lac bug.
  68. 68.
    Phenol and formaldehyde molar ration for resol synthesis is ______________ under basic medium
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    1:1.5
    Resols are prepared using an excess of formaldehyde, typically with a phenol to formaldehyde molar ratio around 1:1.5 under basic conditions.
  69. 69.
    One of the important joining techniques used for thermoplastic and will produce a permanently bonded and aesthetically pleasing joint
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Ultrasonic welding
    Ultrasonic welding produces clean, aesthetically pleasing, and permanent joints in thermoplastics rapidly.
  70. 70.
    Which of the following could be made from HDPE
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    All of these
    High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is versatile and used for pipes, water tanks, and crates.
  71. 71.
    Processing temperature of PP for below moulding
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    200-220
    The processing temperature for polypropylene (PP) in blow molding typically ranges around 200-220 °C.
  72. 72.
    For pipe application PVC is manufactured by _____________ polymerization
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Suspension polymerization
    Suspension polymerization is the standard industrial method to produce PVC used for rigid pipe applications.
  73. 73.
    Natural polyol used for the production of polyurethane foam
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Castor oil
    Castor oil is a naturally occurring vegetable oil polyol used in polyurethane formulations.
  74. 74.
    Which of the following is amino plastic?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    UF
    Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin is a prominent example of an aminoplast.
  75. 75.
    PPO can be used in steam autoclave because of its
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    High hydrolytic stability
    Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) exhibits excellent resistance to water and high hydrolytic stability.
  76. 76.
    A major disadvantage of mill mixing as compared to internal mixer is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    It is time consuming and depends upon the skill of the operator
    Open mill mixing is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and heavily relies on operator expertise compared to automated internal mixers.
  77. 77.
    From the point of view of ingredients, the following physical changes occur during a mixing cycle
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Incorporation, dispersion, distribution and plasticization
    The fundamental physical steps during compounding mixing involve incorporation, dispersion, distribution, and plasticization.
  78. 78.
    Increase in the rotor speed of an internal mixer will result in
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    Increase in the temperature of cooling water
    Higher rotor speeds generate more frictional heat, thereby increasing the cooling water temperature requirement.
  79. 79.
    To measure the stock temperature inside a Banbury mixer, the device used is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    A thermocouple
    Thermocouples are standard for measuring internal temperatures in mixing equipment due to their reliability and response time.
  80. 80.
    Crows feet is related to ____________ process
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Calendaring
    Crows feet is a common surface defect encountered in the calendering process.
  81. 81.
    Frictioning in a calendar involves
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Forcing the rubber into the interstices between fibers of a fabric through wiping with roll pressure between the middle and bottom rolls
    Frictioning is a calendering operation where rubber is forced into the fabric weave by differential roll speeds.
  82. 82.
    To produce thick rubber sheeting, it is preferable to use
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    An extruder with roller head
    An extruder with a roller head die is highly effective for producing thick, uniform rubber sheets.
  83. 83.
    Continuous vulcanization of an extruded sponge profile can be done by
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Microwave curing
    Microwave curing is widely used for the continuous vulcanization of extruded rubber profiles, especially sponge profiles.
  84. 84.
    Which of the following curing technique has highest heat transfer coefficient?
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Liquid curing method
    Liquid Curing Method (LCM) uses molten salts which provide a much higher heat transfer coefficient compared to air-based methods.
  85. 85.
    The usual formula for calculation of tensile strength of rubber compound is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Breaking load/original cross sectional area of the sample
    Tensile strength is defined as the maximum load at break divided by the original cross-sectional area of the test specimen.
  86. 86.
    Troughability test is required in
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Conveyor belt
    Troughability measures the ability of a conveyor belt to form a trough shape to carry materials effectively.
  87. 87.
    _______ and _______ monomers are used in reactions injection molding process
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Diisocyanate and polyol
    Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) for polyurethanes typically involves the reaction between diisocyanates and polyols.
  88. 88.
    Aniline point testing method is used for
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: D —
    Process oil
    The aniline point is a measure of the aromatic content of process oils used in rubber compounding.
  89. 89.
    The most common standard conditioning atmosphere is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: A —
    23°C and 50% relative humidity
    Standard laboratory conditioning for rubber and plastic testing is typically 23°C ± 2°C and 50% ± 5% relative humidity.
  90. 90.
    The crosshead speed/strain rate used to for tensile testing of brittle materials like polystyrene is
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    5 mm/min
    For brittle materials, lower crosshead speeds are used to ensure accurate measurement of tensile properties before failure.
  91. 91.
    In HDT test, a deadweight load is applied at the center of the specimen which is sufficient to produce a maximum fiber stress of
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    264 psi
    The Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT) test standard (ASTM D648) specifies a fiber stress of 264 psi (1.82 MPa) or 66 psi (0.45 MPa).
  92. 92.
    ____________ is used to measure the curing characteristics of the rubber compounds
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: B —
    Moving die rheometer
    A Moving Die Rheometer (MDR) is the standard instrument for measuring the vulcanization (curing) characteristics of rubber compounds.
  93. 93.
    Which property is more important for seals
    Show answer and explanation
    Answer: C —
    Stress relaxation
    Stress relaxation is critical for seals because they must maintain a constant sealing force over time under compression.

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